Amaphrosesa ezithelo nemifino emisha abhekana nezinselele ezithile ezihlukile zokungcola futhi ukuqonda lobu bunzima kungaqondisa ukukhethwa kwesistimu yokuhlola umkhiqizo.Okokuqala ake sibheke imakethe yezithelo nemifino jikelele.
Inketho Enempilo Yabathengi Namabhizinisi
Njengoba abantu befunda izifundo eziningi ezishicilelwe ezibonisa ukuxhumana okucacile phakathi kokusetshenziswa kokudla okusha nempilo, umuntu angalindela ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo nemifino.
ukukhula (akukho pun okuhlosiwe).I-World Health Organization ikhuthaza ukwanda kokudliwa kwezithelo nemifino, umyalezo onanelwe ohulumeni abaningi emikhankasweni
njengephromoshini yase-UK yezinsuku ezi-5 ekhuthaza abantu ukuthi badle inani elinconyiwe lezinhlobonhlobo zezithelo nemifino usuku ngalunye.One Food Business News
i-athikili yaphawula ukuthi abathengi abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengama-40 bakhulise ukudla kwabo kwaminyaka yonke kwemifino emisha ngo-52% kule minyaka eyishumi edlule.(Kuyaphawuleka futhi ukuthi naphezu kwalokhu
izeluleko kusenengxenye ephansi yabantu bomhlaba abadla amanani anconyiwe.)
Umuntu angaphetha ngokuthi ukudla okunempilo kuwumshayeli omkhulu wemakethe.Ngokuvumelana ne Fitch Solutions - Global Food & Drink Report 2021, imakethe yezithelo ibiza ama-US $ 640 billion inye.
ngonyaka futhi likhula ngo-9.4% ngonyaka, izinga lokukhula ngokushesha kunanoma iyiphi ingxenye encane yokudla.Isigaba esimaphakathi somhlaba esikhulayo esixhunyaniswe nokudliwa kwezithelo okuphezulu nakho
okuholela ekwandeni kwenani lezithelo ezidliwayo.
Imakethe yemifino yomhlaba inkulu, ibiza ama-US $900 wezigidigidi, futhi ikhula kancane kancane kodwa isengaphezu kwesilinganiso semakethe yokudla.Imifino ibonakala njenge
okubalulekile - ukudla okuyisisekelo okwakha inqwaba yokudla okuningi - kodwa futhi kukhona ukwanda kokudla okungeyona inyama kanye nenyama encishisiwe.Imifino, ikakhulukazi leyo egcwele amaprotheni,
ziba zibaluleke kakhulu kokubili esimweni sazo semvelo kanye nemikhiqizo egayiwe, esikhundleni samaprotheni enyama.(Funda Abahlinzeki Bamaprotheni Asekelwe Esitshalweni Babhekana Nabanye
Izinselelo Ezifanayo Nalezo Zokucubungula Inyama.)
Izinselelo Zomkhiqizo Wezithelo Nemifino
Imakethe echumayo iyizindaba ezinhle kubadidiyeli bokudla kodwa kunezinselelo zesistimu labo abasemkhakheni wokuhlinzeka ngezithelo nemifino okumele babhekane nazo:
Izitshalo ezivuniwe zidinga ukugcinwa zintsha futhi zilethwe emakethe zisesimweni esihle.
Imikhiqizo ingagcizelelwa (ilinyazwe noma iqale ukuwohloka) ngezinto eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umkhathi oyizungezile, ukukhanya, imisebenzi yokucubungula,
ukutheleleka nge-microbial.
Kunemithethonqubo eminingi okufanele ilandelwe ekuthuthweni nasekugcineni umkhiqizo omusha, futhi uma ingalandelwa, imikhiqizo inganqatshwa abathengi.
Kukhona ukushoda kwabasebenzi ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka, ngokuqinisekile ekukhetheni kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuze kufike ekuthengiseni noma ezinsizakalweni zokudla.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezithelo nemifino kuthintwa isimo sezulu kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu;ukushisa okwedlulele, isomiso, izikhukhula konke kungashintsha ukusebenza kokukhiqiza kokubili okufushane
kanye nesikhathi eside.
Ukungcola.Imicimbi yokungcola ingadalwa yilokhu:
amagciwane (njenge-ecoli noma i-salmonella), noma
amakhemikhali (afana namakhemikhali okuhlanza noma ukugcwala okuphezulu komanyolo), noma
izinto zangaphandle (insimbi noma ingilazi isibonelo).
Ake sibhekisise kabanzi le nto yokugcina: ukungcola komzimba.
Iqukethe Izinto Ezingcolisa Emzimbeni
Imikhiqizo yemvelo iletha izinselele ekuphathweni komfula.Izimpahla ezifuywayo zingaba nezingozi zemvelo zokungcola, isibonelo amatshe noma amatshe amancane angacoshwa ngesikhathi
ukuvuna futhi lokhu kungaletha ubungozi bokulimala emishinini yokucubungula futhi, ngaphandle kokuthi kutholwe futhi kususiwe, kube yingozi yokuphepha kubathengi.
Njengoba ukudla kungena endaweni yokucubungula nokupakisha, maningi amathuba okuthi kube nokungcola okuvela kwamanye amazwe.Imishini yokucubungula izithelo nemifino ingaphuka
phansi futhi kuguge ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ngenxa yalokho, ngezinye izikhathi izingcezu ezincane zalowo mshini zingagcina ziwumkhiqizo noma iphasela.Ukungcola kwensimbi nepulasitiki kungaba ngengozi
yethulwe ngendlela yeamantongomane, amabhawodi namawasha, noma izingcezu eziqhamuke ezikrinini zemeshi nezihlungi.Okunye ukungcola izingcezwana zengilazi eziphuma
izimbiza eziphukile noma ezilimele ngisho nezinkuni ezivela kuma-pallets asetshenziselwa ukuhambisa impahla ezungeze ifektri.
Abakhiqizi bangavikela kubungozi obunjalo ngokuhlola impahla engenayo kanye nabahlinzeki bokucwaninga amabhuku ukuze baqinisekise ikhwalithi ekuqaleni kwenqubo, bese behlola.
imikhiqizo ngemva kwesinyathelo ngasinye esikhulu sokucubungula futhi ekupheleni kokukhiqiza ngaphambi kokuba imikhiqizo ithunyelwe.
Kanye nokungcoliswa ngengozi, ngezinyathelo zokucubungula noma ekuvuneni, kunesidingo sokuvikela ekungcoleni ngamabomu, okunonya.Abaningi
Isibonelo sakamuva esidumile salokhu kwakuse-Australia ngo-2018 lapho isisebenzi sasepulazini esasinganelisekile sabeka izinaliti zokuthunga kuma-strawberry, ebeka engcupheni yokulimaza kakhulu abathengi ngenkathi
okubi kwakungeyona into embi kakhulu kunokulaliswa esibhedlela.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezithelo nemifino ehlukahlukene etshaliwe kungenye inselele okufanele abacubungulayo bayiqaphele.Kodwa ngisho nangaphakathi kohlobo olulodwa lomkhiqizo kungaba khona omkhulu
inani lokuhlukahluka kosayizi noma ukuma okuzothinta amandla empahla yokuhlola ukudla.
Okokugcina, umklamo wephakeji kufanele uhambisane nezimfanelo zokudla futhi ulungele ukukufikisa lapho uya khona usesimweni esihle kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.Isibonelo, eminye imikhiqizo
zithambile futhi zidinga ukuvikeleka ekulimaleni ekuphatheni nasekuthumeleni.Ukuhlola ngemva kokupakishwa kunikeza ithuba lokugcina lokuhlola imikhiqizo eqediwe ukuze iphephe futhi
izinga ngaphambi kokuba bashiye ukulawula kwephrosesa.
Izinqubo Zokuphepha Kokudla Nobuchwepheshe
Izinqubo Zokuphepha Kokudla zidinga ukuqina ukuze kuphendulwe lezi zinselele ezingaba khona.Abakhiqizi bokudla kumele bakhumbule ukuthi lezi zehlakalo zingenzeka noma kuphi kusukela
isigaba esikhulayo ngokucubungula ukuya ekuthengisweni kwezitolo.Ukuvimbela kungasiza kwezinye izimo, isb ama-tamper proof seals emikhiqizweni epakishiwe.Futhi ukuthola kungenziwa ukuze
thola ukungcola ngaphambi kokuthi kufinyelele kumthengi.
Kukhona amasistimu okubona ama-X-ray okudla kanye nokuhlola asetshenziselwa ukusiza ukuthola ingilazi, amatshe, amathambo noma izingcezu zepulasitiki.Amasistimu okuhlola ama-X-ray asekelwe ekuminyana
yomkhiqizo kanye nokungcola.Njengoba i-X-ray ingena emkhiqizweni wokudla, ilahlekelwa amanye amandla ayo.Indawo eminyene, njengokungcola, izonciphisa amandla ngisho
ngokuqhubekayo.Njengoba i-X-ray iphuma emkhiqizweni, ifinyelela inzwa.Inzwa ibe isiguqula isignali yamandla ibe isithombe sengaphakathi lomkhiqizo wokudla.Indaba yangaphandle
ibonakala njengomthunzi omnyama ompunga futhi isiza ukukhomba ukungcola kwangaphandle.
Uma okukukhathaza kakhulu kuyinsimbi, izintambo, noma ukungcoliswa kwesikrini semeshi emikhiqizweni emincane, eyomile, kufanele ukhethe umtshina wensimbi.Izitholi zensimbi zisebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu
amasignali omsakazo ukuthola ubukhona bensimbi ekudleni noma kweminye imikhiqizo.Izitholi ezintsha zensimbi ze-multiscan ziyakwazi ukuskena kufika kumafrikhwensi amahlanu angakhethwa umsebenzisi
egijima ngesikhathi, enikeza elinye lamathuba aphezulu kakhulu okuthola ukungcola kwensimbi eyinsimbi, okungeyona insimbi, nensimbi engagqwali.
I-food checkweigher iyisisetshenziswa esisetshenziselwa ukulawula isisindo okuthembekile ukuhlola nokuqinisekisa ukuthi isisindo sempahla yokudla singaphakathi noma ngemva kokupakishwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokugcina.
ngokumelene nomkhawulo wesisindo ochazwe ngaphambilini ochazwe kuphakheji.Bangakwazi futhi ukubala futhi banqabe ukuthola isisombululo sokulawula ikhwalithi esingenamthungo ngisho nasezindaweni ezimangelengele zezitshalo.Lokhu
kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukumosha, kuvimbele amaphutha, futhi kunciphise ingcuphe yokungathobeli imithetho - ukuqapha ukulebula okungalungile.
Isifinyezo
Abacubunguli bezithelo nemifino babhekana nezinselele ezinkulu ekutholeni imikhiqizo yabo emisha ezandleni zabathengi.Kusukela ekuhlolweni kokudla okutholwe emapulazini kuya ekuhlolweni
izingcezu zemishini ephukile ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ekuqinisekiseni amaphakheji ngaphambi kokuthi akhishwe ngomnyango, ukukala ukudla kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlola kungasiza izithelo kanye
amaphrosesa emifino ahlangabezana nokulindelwe ngabathengi kanye nesidingo esikhulayo somhlaba wonke.
Futhi uma ngabe ubuzibuza, ubhanana namazambane yizithelo nemifino ethengiswa kakhulu ngokulandelana.Futhi omunye umthengisi onamandla, utamatisi, ngokwesayensi yezitshalo isithelo kodwa
ngokwezombangazwe nangokobuciko zithathwa njengemifino!
Ihlelwe ithimba le-Fanchi-tech ngo-2024,05,13
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-13-2024